Embryology and Anatomy

The omphalomesenteric duct (Vitelline duct) connects the yolk sac to the primitive intestine and provides nutrition to the fetus. Between 5-7 weeks of intrauterine life, the duct disappears and the developing placenta assumes the function of the yolk sac. Developmental disorders that occur at this stage are called omphalomezenteric duct anomalies and their characteristics are summarized in Figure 1.

The most common omphalomesenteric duct anomaly is Meckel's diverticulum. Patent omphalomesenteric duct: both ends of the duct remain open (6%). Meckel's diverticulum: the proximal (intestinal side) of the duct is not closed (80%). Umbilical sinus: the distal (umbilical side) of the duct is not closed (2%). Umbilical cyst: both ends of the duct are closed and a cystic structure is formed in the middle (2%).

Since Meckel's Diverticulum is an intra-abdominal formation, it will be described under a separate heading. Other types will be mentioned here.

What are the Clinical Symptoms and How is Omphalomesenteric Duct Residuals Diagnosed?

In an open omphalomesenteric duct, there is a continuous outflow of small intestinal contents from the umbilicus following birth, that is, poop comes from the umbilicus. If the opening is too small, sometimes there is a continuous discharge in the form of leakage. There may be abdominal pain from time to time, and acute abdomen clinic may develop due to infection, rupture or pathway.

How is omphalomezenteric residual diagnosed?

The diagnosis is made with history and physical examination. Imaging methods-ultrasound, fistulography and sometimes computed tomography are used to confirm the diagnosis.

How is omphalomesenteric residue treatment performed?

Surgical removal of the pathology. The surgical process is the same as in inguinal hernia or epigrostric hernia.

Can Omphalomezenteric Residual Surgery be Performed Laparoscopically?

Yes it can, you can read our article on Laparoscopy for the advantages of Laparoscopy.

*** The information provided here, the content of the website is organized for the purpose of informing the visitor, especially families. No information should be considered as advice by visitors and should not lead to any decision or action. Families should definitely have their patient examined by a pediatric surgery specialist, consult with him/her and make a decision by consulting his/her one-on-one information.